I entered Charon system via the St. Kat's gate, then decided to destroy all of the Charon Pirate stations before going to Korolov station. I got the mission text (the dying woman that gives you a Charon map ROM) and undocked...and since all the Charon stations are destroyed already, I can't complete the mission and the Korolov station remains wrecked, even if I leave the system and come back.

Probably the correct behavior in this case is for the Korolov station to restore itself when you blow up the last Charon station, even if you haven't docked at Korolov yet.